SPF级新西兰兔脏器参数、血液指标、颈动脉血压、心率、心室压的测定与比较

目的 准确测定SPF新西兰兔生物学特性尤其是疾病相关的指标,并进行性别间比较。 方法 取70-80日龄左右SPF新西兰兔30只,饲养一周后,精确称量体重及主要脏器重量;采集动脉血测定血液生理、生化、血气指标;颈动脉插管测定动脉压,呼吸支持情况下进行开胸测定心室压。 结果 雄性与雌性新西兰兔比较： 甲状腺、肾上腺、肝的质量差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;脑、脑垂体、甲状腺的脏器系数差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;甲状腺、肾上腺、肝的脏脑比系数差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。红细胞平均体积、平均血红蛋白量的差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;谷氨酰转肽酶、淀粉酶的差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;血气分析、心率、颈动脉收缩/舒张压,左心室收缩/舒张压,右心室收缩/舒张压不存在性别间差异。 结论 性别对新西兰兔脏器重量及血液生理生化指标有一定影响,而血气、血压、心率及心室压等不存在性别间差异。     

急性脑梗死患者脑血管异常与CT灌注成像参数的关联性研究

目的：探讨急性脑梗死患者脑血管异常与 CT 灌注成像（CTP）参数的相关性及其对临床预后的影响。方法临床纳入发病6 h 内颈内动脉系统急性脑梗死患者45例,所有患者均接受 CT 平扫、CTP 及 CT 血管造影（CTA）,分析 CTP 各个参数并评估患侧大血管情况。以血管情况分为血管正常组（17例）、血管狭窄组（10例）和血管闭塞组（18例）。另外,发病时、发病14 d 、发病90 d 分别采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）、Barthel 指数（BI）、改良 Rankin 量表（mRS）评估患者的临床神经功能缺损、日常生活能力以及预后功能残疾水平。结果 CTA 检查显示：血管大致正常者17例,大脑中动脉狭窄者6例,大脑中动脉闭塞者8例,颈内动脉狭窄者4 例,颈内动脉闭塞者10例。3组患者在缺血区脑血流（CBF）面积、脑血容量（CBV）面积、梗死区相对 CBF（rCBF）、梗死区相对 CBV（rCBV）、局部灌注达峰时间（TTP）面积方面比较差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）;其中血管闭塞组以上参数均差于血管正常组,血管狭窄组仅 CBF 面积高于正常组,血管狭窄组与血管闭塞组比较,CBF 面积、CBV 面积、TTP 面积均较小,差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。发病时,各组间患者仅 NIHSS 评分差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,血管正常组 NIHSS 评分明显低于血管狭窄组及血管闭塞组（P ＜0．05）。发病后14 d 、90 d ,各组患者 NIHSS 、BI 、mRS 评分差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,血管正常组各项评分均明显优于血管闭塞组（P ＜0．05）。结论急性脑梗死患者病灶侧血管异常与 CTP 显示的缺血范围存在密切的联系,能够作为患者临床预后的一个客观指标。     

Single-nucleotide polymorphism rs 175080 in the MLH3 gene and its relation to male infertility

PurposeMLH3, a MutL homolog protein in mammals playing a role in DNA mismatch repair, is associated with spermatogenesis and male infertility. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs 175080 in the MLH3 gene, with sperm parameters in a Greek population.MethodsThe study included 300 men of couples undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) treatments (years 2011–2013). Genomic DNA was extracted from 300 peripheral blood samples, and conventional quantitative real-time PCR was performed for genotyping. Of them, 122 were from men used as “controls” and 178 from men used as “cases.” Allocation to the two groups was based on sperm concentrations (≥15 and <15 million/ml, respectively). Serum FSH, LH, estradiol, testosterone, and prolactin concentrations as well as sperm parameters were compared between three genotypes (GG, GA, and AA). Furthermore, the frequencies of these three genotypes were compared between “cases” and “controls.”ResultsAnthropometric parameters and hormonal values did not differ significantly between the three genotypes. Significantly lower sperm concentrations were found in men with the AA genotype as compared to men with the GG and GA genotypes (p < 0.001). The AA genotype had the lower progressive motility values as compared to the other two genotypes (p < 0.05). Also, there was a significantly different distribution of the frequencies of the three genotypes between “cases” and “controls” (p < 0.001).ConclusionsIt is suggested that the studied SNP in the MLH3 gene may be linked to oligozoospermia in Caucasian men of a certain area.     

Asymmetrically Substituted Poly(diitaconates) Obtained by Reversible Addition‐Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization: Synthesis,Copolymerization Parameters,and Antimicrobial Activity

Asymmetrically substituted poly(diitaconate) copolymers are synthesized from 1‐((N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl)‐2‐aminoethyl)‐4‐propyl diitaconate (PrIA) and different comonomers (N,N‐dimethyl‐acrylamide, DMAA; acrylic acid; or ((N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl)‐2‐aminoethyl)methacrylate) by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT). The RAFT copolymerization parameters of PrIA and DMAA are r_DMAA = 0.49 and r_PrIA = 0.17, compared to r_DMAA = 0.52 and r_PrIA = 0.54 obtained by free radical copolymerization (FRP). Thus, the RAFT process has a stronger trend to alternating polymerization than the FRP process. The polydispersity index of the RAFT copolymers is around 1.2–1.8, compared to 2.8–2.9 for the corresponding FRP copolymers. After removal of the tert‐butoxycarbonyl protective groups, antimicrobially active synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides are obtained. The thus activated poly(PrIA‐co‐DMAA) copolymers (repeat unit ratio 1:1) have an increasing activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with increasing molar mass. The RAFT copolymers are slightly more active and less toxic than comparable FRP polymers, leading to a higher selectivity for bacteria over mammalian cells. Higher molar fractions of PrIA in poly(PrIA‐co‐DMAA) copolymers (up to 80 mol%) do not increase their antimicrobial activity; reduction of the BuIA content in poly(BuIA‐DMAA) (down to 10 mol%) leads to a loss of activity against both E. coli and S. aureus.     

Assessment of endometrial receptivity during implantation window in women with unexplained infertility

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the endometrial receptivity during implantation window in women with unexplained infertility. A prospective study recruited 168 women with unexplained infertility and 169 fertile women. Ultrasonic parameters and biomarkers in the uterine fluid were detected. The endometrial vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) were significantly higher in fertile women as compared with unexplained infertile women, and the integrin αvβ3, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) levels in uterine fluid were significantly higher in fertile women. The biochemical pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate in fertile women were 20.12%, 18.34%, and 17.75%, respectively, which were significantly higher compared with unexplained infertile women (7.14%, 5.36%, and 4.17%, respectively). Endometrial thickness (ET), endometrial volume (EV), VI, FI, and VFI measured by ultrasound, and the integrin αvβ3, VEGF, TNF-α, and LIF levels in uterine fluid were all significantly higher in pregnant women as compared with nonpregnant women. The best parameters of ultrasonic indicators for predicting endometrial receptivity in women with unexplained infertility were FI(AUC = 0.894, sensitivity 93.8%, and specificity 83.1%). Integrin αvβ3 had the best predictive value for endometrial receptivity among biomarkers in the uterine fluid (AUC = 0.921, sensitivity 96.7%, and specificity 89.5%). Women with unexplained infertility present declined endometrial receptivity. Endometrial ultrasonic parameters detected by three-dimensional power Doppler and biomarkers in the uterine fluid may be effective indicators to predict endometrial receptivity.     

参芪扶正注射液对宫颈癌化疗患者免疫功能及病灶血流灌注的影响

目的:探究参芪扶正注射液对宫颈癌化疗患者免疫功能及病灶血流灌注的影响。方法:选取2017年10月至2019年5月邢台市第三医院收治的宫颈癌化疗患者88例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组44例。2组均进行常规化疗,观察组予以参芪扶正注射液,均治疗4个周期。比较2组临床疗效及病灶血流灌注、免疫功能及不良反应情况。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组(63.64%、34.09%,P<0.05)。治疗后,2组病灶部位超声参数上升时间(RT)、达峰时间(TTP)、峰值强度(IMAX)、平均渡越时间(mTT)均缩短,观察组短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组CD3+、CD4+、IgG、IgA、IgM均升高,高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组CD8+降低,低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组白细胞降低率、血小板降低率、恶心呕吐发生率分别为25.00%、6.82%、22.73%,均低于对照组(52.27%、25.00%、47.73%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:参芪扶正注射液可提高患者免疫功能,加强化疗效果,缩小病灶体积,减少肿瘤病灶血供,降低化疗不良反应,临床疗效显著。     

Effects of 60-day bed rest with and without exercise on cellular and humoral immunological parameters

Exercise at regular intervals is assumed to have a positive effect on immune functions. Conversely, after spaceflight and under simulated weightlessness (e.g., bed rest), immune functions can be suppressed. We aimed to assess the effects of simulated weightlessness (Second Berlin BedRest Study; BBR2-2) on immunological parameters and to investigate the effect of exercise (resistive exercise with and without vibration) on these changes. Twenty-four physically and mentally healthy male volunteers (20–45 years) performed resistive vibration exercise (n=7), resistance exercise without vibration (n=8) or no exercise (n=9) within 60 days of bed rest. Blood samples were taken 2 days before bed rest, on days 19 and 60 of bed rest. Composition of immune cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokines and neuroendocrine parameters were analyzed by Luminex technology and ELISA/RIA in plasma. General changes over time were identified by paired t-test, and exercise-dependent effects by pairwise repeated measurements (analysis of variance (ANOVA)). With all subjects pooled, the number of granulocytes, natural killer T cells, hematopoietic stem cells and CD45RA and CD25 co-expressing T cells increased and the number of monocytes decreased significantly during the study; the concentration of eotaxin decreased significantly. Different impacts of exercise were seen for lymphocytes, B cells, especially the IgD⁺ subpopulation of B cells and the concentrations of IP-10, RANTES and DHEA-S. We conclude that prolonged bed rest significantly impacts immune cell populations and cytokine concentrations. Exercise was able to specifically influence different immunological parameters. In summary, our data fit the hypothesis of immunoprotection by exercise and may point toward even superior effects by resistive vibration exercise.